Solar heater.



No. 632,658.4 Patented sept. I7, 190|. J. M. wlsHAT.

SOLAR HEATER.

(Application filed Jyne 4, 1900.)

2 Shady-Sheet I.

eyfvla/Jifrwgeys,

TN: Dams Pneus co.. vHnTo-LITNO.. WASNxNurON, D4 c.

No. 682,658. Patented sept. 17, Ism.'

J. M. WISHART.

SOLAR HEATER. (Appxicion mea June 4, 1900.) 2'Sheets-S'heet 2.

' :um Model.)

mn mams persas co.. wnmourno.. wmummm. n4 c.

d l ""NTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lview of the heater proper.

JAMES MACDONALD'WISHART, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

soLAR HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,658, datedseptember 17, 1901. Application tied 'June 4, 1900. serial No. 19,018.oto man.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern: e

, Be it known that '1,` JAMES MACDONALD WISHART, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State ofCalifornia, haveinvented a new and useful Solar Heater, of which thefollowing is a specification. I. I

ThisI invention relates to solar heaters, and has for its object theproduction of a heater designed for the utilization of heat generated bythe suns rays to heat wa ter or other liqnids.

Specifically, the object of the invention is to provide a heater of thisclass designed to constitute a part of a circulatory system, the liquidbeing caused to circulate througha number of chambers, the circulationbeing maintained by the effect of the solar heat.

Subordinate to these objects are others, which will more fully appear asthe necessity for their accomplishment is developed in the succeedingdescription.

Referring now to the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view through afragment of a house and showing the hea-ter supported upon the roofthereof. Fig. 2 is a perspective Fig. 3 is a plan view of the heater.Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections taken on lines 4 4 and 5 5,respectively, of Fig. 3 and looking in the directions indicated by thearrows. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view showing one of the bentplates forming the pipes for communil eating the bottom of onecompartment with the opening leading to the top of the adjacentcompartment.

Referring now to the numerals of reference, each of which is employed todesignate a corresponding part in the several views of the accompanyingdrawings, 1 indicates a fragment of a house, upon the roof 2 of which islocatedmy heater 3, communicating with the direct and return pipes 4 and5 of a circulatory system and protected by a glass housing 6.Elementscapable of these broad designations have been heretoforeemployed in analogous connections; but I shall now proceed to adescription of the specific construction and arrangement constitutingthe embodiment of my invention.

My heater 3 comprises a substantially rectangular receptacle composed ofa bottom 7,

lOaud 11, respectively. l The receptacle thus formed is provided with aseries of equidis tant longitudinal'partitions 12, terminating somewhatbelow the upper edge of the receptacle and dividing thelatter intoanumber of longitudinal circulating-chamberslS. The top wall orabsorption-plate 14 of the heater, formed in a single piece or in anumber of sections, as desired, is supported upon the upper edges of thepartitions 12 in a manner to leave a space 1,5 rbetweenyits surface andthe upper edge of the receptacle, and is longitufront and rear walls 8andi), andend walls ldinally iiuted,'as indicated at 16,'to form anextended series of longitudinalv concavities, the contiguous edges. ofwhich converge to form ribs 17. By means of this configuration of theabsorption-plate I am enabled to get a maximum exposed surface oreffective heating area, and as the ribs 17 constitute braces orstiffening devices exceedingly thin sheets of metal are available foremployment in this connection.

. The direct pipe of the circulating system pierces the end wall 11 atthe lower front edgelof the chamber 13 at one side of the receptacle. Atthe rear end of the partition which separates this first chamber fromthe second and adjacent the upper.edge of the partition there is formeda perforation which communicates with a pipe 18, which leads downwardlyand Vopens into the bottom of the second chamber, the pipe 18 beingwholly within this second chamber, as shown. This jpipe 18 is in theform of a bent plate, as

shown, the edges of which are soldered to the partition excepting at thebottom of the plate, so that there is formedwhat is in eifect anopen-bottomed pipe. The opposite wall of the second chamber, which is:formed by the seca ond partition 12, has a perforation adjacent itsupper edge, and at the opposite end of the receptacle from the firstperforation described and leading from this second perforation is asecond pipe 18', which lies entirely within the third compartment orchamber and opens into the bottom portion of the compartment or chamber.formed in the third partition at the same end of the receptacle with thefirst perforation and has a pipe lying in and communicating at its lowerend with the fourth compartment or A third perforation is.

-bottom to top of succeeding heating chamchamber. This arrangement iscontinued throughout the receptacle, so that the bottom of onecompartment is connected with the top of the compartment at one sidewhile its top is connected with the bottom of the compartment at theother side, the connections of each chamber or compartment being atopposite ends thereof.

From the foregoing it will appear that the rays of the sun beingdirected upon the absorption-plate the Water Within the heater Will beheated from the surface, which will induce circulation from end to endand from` Gers or compartments and in alternately opposite directions,and the water Within the circulatory system connected with the heaterwill in this manner be kept in continuous motion and Will be raised tothe desired temperature.

What is claimed isl. A solar heater comprising a receptacle, a iutedabsorbing-plate covering the receptacle, the contiguous walls of saidlutings merging to form upwardly-directed sharpened ribs andcorresponding rentrant angles on its under face, a plurality of verticalpartitions in the receptacle and having their upper edges disposed inrentrant angles of the absorbing-plate, said partitions dividing the treceptacle into chambers, ingress and egress .the receptacle, andtransfer-pipes located Within the chambers and connecting the top andbottom of adjacent chambers alternately at opposite ends of the heater.

2. A solar heater comprising a receptacle, a uted absorbing-platecovering the recep- Itacle, the contiguous Walls of said iutings mergingto form upwardly-directed sharpened Vribs and corresponding rentrantangles in its under face, and a plurality of partitions disposed todivide the receptacle into, com-l partments and with their upper edgesen-.

gaged in the rentrant angles of the absorb.- ing-plate, thecompartmentshaving communication through the partitions and the outercompartments having'inlet andA outlet openings, respectively.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed.my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES MACDONALD WISIIART.

WVitnesses:

P. W. ANDERSON, C. J. PAR-MENTER.

